McSweeney, F. K., Weatherly, J. N., & Swindell, S. (1996). Within-session changes in responding during concurrent variable-interval schedules. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 66, 75-95.

Five rats and 4 pigeons responded for food delivered by several concurrent variable-interval schedules. The sum of the rates of reinforcement programmed for the two components varied from 15 to 480 reinforcers per hour in different conditions. Rates of responding usually changed within the experimental session in a similar manner for the two components of each concurrent schedule. The within-session changes were similar to previously reported changes during simple schedules that provided rates of reinforcement equal to the sum of all reinforcers obtained from the concurrent schedules. The number of changeovers also changed within sessions in a manner similar to the changes in instrumental responding. These results suggest that changeovers are governed by the same variables that govern instrumental responding. They also suggest that the within-session change in responding during each component of a concurrent schedule is determined by approximately the sum of the reinforcers obtained from both components when both components provide the same type of reinforcer.

Key words: within-session patterns, concurrent schedule, matching law, variable-interval schedule, changeovers, key peck, lever press, rats, pigeons