Nancy A. Neef, David F. Bicard, Sayaka Endo, Daniel L. Coury, & Michael G. Aman (2005). Evaluation of pharmacological treatment of impulsivity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 38, 135-146.

We used an assessment that involved competing reinforcer dimensions in a concurrent-schedules arrangement to examine the effects of stimulant medication on impulsivity (i.e., sensitivity of choices to reinforcer immediacy relative to rate, quality, and effort) with 4 students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The assessments were administered in the context of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced reversal design. Reinforcer immediacy was the most influential dimension for 3 of the students and the second most influential dimension for 1 of the students across placebo and medication conditions; medication did not affect these sensitivities.

DESCRIPTORS: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, self-control, impulsivity, methylphenidate, behavioral pharmacology, concurrent schedules