Dixon, M. R., Horner, M. J., & Guercio, J. (2003). Self-control and the preference for delayed reinforcement: An example in brain injury. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 36, 371-374.

We investigated the effects of a concurrent physical therapy activity (keeping the hand open) during delays to reinforcement in an adult man with acquired brain injuries. Once a relatively stable level of hand-open behavior was obtained, the participant was asked to choose between a small immediate reinforcer and a larger delayed reinforcer contingent on keeping the hand open at greater-than-baseline duration. Afterwards, the participant was asked to select between a larger delayed reinforcer with no hand-open requirement and the identical larger delayed reinforcer with a progressively increasing hand-open requirement. Results suggest a shift in preference to larger delayed reinforcers and an eventual preference for the hand-open requirement option.

DESCRIPTORS: _self-control, impulsivity, physical therapy, delayed reinforcement