Magee, S. K., & Ellis, J. (2001). The detrimental effects of physical restraint as a consequence for inappropriate classroom behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 34, 501-504.

Functional analyses produced inconclusive results regarding variables that maintained problem behavior for 2 students with developmental disabilities. Procedures were modified to include a contingent physical restraint condition based on in-class observations. Results indicated that under conditions in which physical restraint (i.e., basket-hold time-out) was applied contingent on problem behavior, rates of these behaviors increased across sessions for both subjects. Implications for the use of physical restraint in the classroom are discussed.

DESCRIPTORS: _aggression, basket-hold time-out, functional analysis, physical restraint