Green, C. W., & Reid, D. H. (1996).
Defining, validating, and increasing indices of happiness among people with profound multiple disabilities.
Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis,
29, 67-78.
In this study we attempted to operationalize, measure, and
increase happiness among people with profound disabilities.
Happiness indices were defined and observed among 5 individuals.
Validation measures indicated that (a) increases in happiness
indices were observed when individuals were presented with most
preferred stimuli relative to least preferred stimuli, (b)
increases in unhappiness indices were observed when they were
presented with least preferred relative to most preferred
stimuli, and (c) practitioner ratings of participant happiness
coincided with observed indices. Subsequently, classroom staff
increased happiness indices through presentation and contingent
withdrawal of activities. Results suggested that a behavioral
approach can enhance happiness as one aspect of quality of life
among people with profound disabilities. Research directions are
offered that focus on using a behavioral approach to investigate
other private events that are important among people with
disabilities.
DESCRIPTORS: happiness, profound multiple disabilities, social
validation,assessment